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Frauengeschichts Monat

Der Frauengeschichts Monat ist ein jährlicher Monat der den Beiträgen von Frauen an geschichtlichen und gesellschaftspolitischen Ereignissen gedenkt. Er wird in den USA, im Vereinten Königreich und in Australien anlässlich des Internationalen Frauentags am 8.März im März abgehalten und in Kanada im Oktober, anlässlich des Personentages am 18.Oktober.

Inhalt

  1. Geschichte
  2. 1.1 In den USA
  3. 1.1.1 Präsen
  4. 1.1.2
  5. 1.1.3
  6. 1.2 In Kanada
  7. 1.3 In Australien
  8. 1.4 Im Vereinigten Königreich
  9. 2. Aktueller Einfluss
  10. Referenzen
  11. Externe Links

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Geschichte

In den USA

In den USA sind die Anfänge des Frauengeschichtsmonats auf den Internationalen Frauentag in 1911. In 1978 hat der Schulbezirk Sonoma in Kalifornien an der Frauengeschichtswoche teilgenommen, eine Veranstaltung die um den 8.März (Internationaler Frauentag) geplant wurde. In 1979 wurde eine 15-tägige Konferenz über Frauengeschichte im Sarah Lawrence College vom 13. bis 29.Juli abgehalten, die von Gerda Lerner geleitet wurde. Sie wurde im Zusammenschluss des Sarah Lawrence College, der Women's Action Allicance und der Smithonian Institution organisiert. Als den Teilnehmern der Erfolg von Sonomas Frauengeschichtswoche bewusst wurde, haben sie beschlossen, ähnliche Feierlichkeiten in ihren eigenen Organisationen, Gemeinschaften und Schulbezirken zu organisieren. Sie beschlossen außerdem, sich an einer nationalen Frauengeschichtswoche zu beteiligen.

Im Februar 1980 hat Präsident hat Jimmy Carter in einer Deklaration die Woche vom 8.März 1980 als die nationale Frauengeschichtswoche ausgerufen. Sie lautete: "Von den ersten Siedlern, die an unsere Küste kamen, über die ersten amerikanisch-indianischen Familien, die sich mit ihnen angefreudet haben, haben Männer und Frauen an der Erbauung dieser Nation mitgewirkt. Zu oft wurden Frauen nicht berücksichtigt und ihre Beiträge blieben unbeachtet. Aber die Erfolge, Führungsstärke, Mut, Stärke und Liebe der Frauen, die Amerika aufgebaut haben, sind genauso wichtig, wie die der Männer, dessen Namen wir so gut kennen. Wie Dr.Gera Lerner bemerkte: "Frauengeschichte ist Frauenrecht." Es ist ein essentielles und unabdingbares Erbe, von dem wir Stolz, Mut und nachhaltige Vision.

      • 1.1.1 Presidential Proclamations of Women’s History Week
      • 1.1.2 Presidential Proclamations of Women's History Month
      • 1.1.3 Annual themes of Women's History Month, declared by the National Women's History Project
    • 1.2 In Canada
    • 1.3 In Australia
    • 1.4 In the UK
      • 1.4.1 Annual themes
  • 2 Recent impact
  • 3 References
  • 4 External links

History[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

In February 1980, President Jimmy Carter issued a presidential proclamation declaring the week of March 8, 1980, as National Women's History Week.[3] The proclamation stated, "From the first settlers who came to our shores, from the first American Indian families who befriended them, men and women have worked together to build this nation. Too often the women were unsung and sometimes their contributions went unnoticed. But the achievements, leadership, courage, strength and love of the women who built America was as vital as that of the men whose names we know so well. As Dr. Gerda Lerner has noted, 'Women’s History is Women’s Right.' It is an essential and indispensable heritage from which we can draw pride, comfort, courage, and long-range vision. I ask my fellow Americans to recognize this heritage with appropriate activities during National Women’s History Week, March 2–8, 1980. I urge libraries, schools, and community organizations to focus their observances on the leaders who struggled for equality - Susan B. Anthony, Sojourner Truth, Lucy Stone, Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Harriet Tubman, and Alice Paul. Understanding the true history of our country will help us to comprehend the need for full equality under the law for all our people. This goal can be achieved by ratifying the 27th Amendment to the United States Constitution, which states that 'Equality of Rights under the Law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex.'"[3] Carter was referring to the Equal Rights Amendment, which was never ratified, not to the amendment which did become the 27th Amendment to the United States Constitution after his presidency.

In 1981, responding to the growing popularity of Women's History Week, Sen. Orrin Hatch (R-Utah) and Rep Barbara Mikulski (D-Maryland) co-sponsored the first Joint Congressional Resolution proclaiming a Women's History Week. Congress passed their resolution as Pub. L. 97-28, which authorized and requested the President to proclaim the week beginning March 7, 1982 as “Women’s History Week."[4] Throughout the next several years, Congress continued to pass joint resolutions designating a week in March as Women’s History Week.[4] Schools across the country also began to have their own local celebrations of Women's History Week and even Women's History Month. By 1986, fourteen states had declared March as Women's History Month.[3]

In 1987, after being petitioned by the National Women's History Project, Congress passed Pub. L. 100-9 which designated the month of March 1987 as Women’s History Month.[4] Between 1988 and 1994, Congress passed additional resolutions requesting and authorizing the President to proclaim March of each year as Women’s History Month.[4] Since 1995, U.S. presidents have issued annual proclamations designating the month of March as Women’s History Month.[4]

State departments of education also began to encourage celebrations of Women's History Month as a way to promote equality among the sexes in the classroom.[4] Maryland, Pennsylvania, Alaska, New York, Oregon, and other states developed and distributed curriculum materials in all of their public schools, which prompted educational events such as essay contests. Within a few years, thousands of schools and communities began to celebrate of Women's History Month. They planned engaging and stimulating programs about women's roles in history and society, with support and encouragement from governors, city councils, school boards, and the U.S. Congress.

In March 2011, the Barack Obama administration released a report, Women in America: Indicators of Social and Economic Well-Being,[5] showing women's status in the U.S. in 2011 and how it had changed over time.[6] This report was the first comprehensive federal report on women since the report produced by the Commission on the Status of Women in 1963.[6]

Some organizations have issued statements marking Women's History Month, for example the Republican National Committee and the Democratic National Committee.[7][8]

A President's Commission on the Celebration of Women in History in America recently sponsored hearings in many parts of the country. The Women's Progress Commission will soon conduct hearings to promote interest in preserving areas that are relevant in American women's history. Some of the groups promoting this interest are state historical societies, women's organizations, and groups such as the Girl Scouts of the USA.

Presidential Proclamations of Women’s History Week[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

1980 (scroll down) 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986

Presidential Proclamations of Women's History Month[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

1988 1989 and 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Annual themes of Women's History Month, declared by the National Women's History Project[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

  • 1987: "Generations of Courage, Compassion, and Conviction"[9]
  • 1988: "Reclaiming the Past, Rewriting the Future"[9]
  • 1989: "Heritage of Strength and Vision"[9]
  • 1990: "Courageous Voices - Echoing in Our Lives"[9]
  • 1991: "Nurturing Tradition, Fostering Change"[9]
  • 1992: "A Patchwork of Many Lives"[9]
  • 1993: "Discover a New World"[9]
  • 1994: "In Every Generation, Action Frees Our Dreams"[9]
  • 1995: "Promises to Keep"[9]
  • 1996: "See History in a New Way"[9]
  • 1997: "A Fine and Long Tradition of Community Leadership"[9]
  • 1998: "Living the Legacy"[9]
  • 1999: "Women Putting Our Stamp on America"[9]
  • 2000: "An Extraordinary Century for Women 1900-2000"[9]
  • 2001: "Celebrating Women of Courage and Vision"[9]
  • 2002: "Women Sustaining the American Spirit"[9]
  • 2003: "Women Pioneering the Future"[9]
  • 2004: "Women Inspiring Hope and Possibility"[9]
  • 2005: "Women Change America"[9]
  • 2006: "Women, Builders of Communities and Dreams"[9]
  • 2007: "Generations of Women Moving History Forward"[9]
  • 2008: "Women's Art Women's Vision"[9]
  • 2009: "Women Taking the Lead to Save Our Planet"[9]
  • 2010: "Writing Women Back into History"[10]
  • 2011: "Our History is Our Strength"[11]
  • 2012: "Women's Education – Women's Empowerment"[12]
  • 2013: "Women Inspiring Innovation Through Imagination:Celebrating Women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics"[13]
  • 2014: "Celebrating Women of Character, Courage, and Commitment"[14]
  • 2015: "Weaving the Stories of Women’s Lives"[15]

In Canada[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Women's History Month was proclaimed in Canada in 1992, where its purpose is to give Canadians "an opportunity to learn about the important contributions of women and girls to our society – and to the quality of our lives today".[1] October was chosen to coincide with the celebration of the anniversary on October 18 of the decision of the court case Edwards v. Canada, more commonly known as the Persons Case, in which it was established that Canadian women were eligible to be appointed senators and in general had the same rights as Canadian men with respect to positions of political power.[16]

In Australia[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Women's History Month was first celebrated in Australia in 2000, initiated by Helen Leonard, convenor of the National Women's Media Centre, working with the Women's Electoral Lobby. The organisation of annual Women's History Month celebrations is incorporated as part of the work of the Australian Women's History Forum.

In the UK[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Women's History Month was celebrated in the UK in 2011 and 2012. A website was set up but has since apparently been abandoned.

Annual themes[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Since 2005, the annual celebration of Women's History Month in Australia has centred on a different area of women's achievement. Promotional materials and events are focused around the theme and organisations, institutions and community groups are encouraged to use this theme for their own events.

  • 2013: Finding Founding Mothers[17]
  • 2012: Women with a Plan: architects, town planners and landscape architects[18]
  • 2011: Women in the Business of Food[19]
  • 2010: Demeter's Daughters: women’s harvest history[20]
  • 2009: Parliamentary Women[21]
  • 2008: Women with a Mission: Australian women contributing overseas[22]
  • 2007: Arm in Arm: Indigenous and non-Indigenous Women Working Together[23]
  • 2006: Musical Belles: Women in Music[24]
  • 2005: Celebrating Racy Women[25]

Recent impact[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

The popularity of women's history celebrations continues to spread as more people are becoming aware of the contributions of women and girls. A President's Commission on the Celebration of Women in History in America recently sponsored hearings in many parts of the country. The Women's Progress Commission will soon conduct hearings to promote interest in preserving areas that are relevant in American women's history. Some of the groups promoting this interest are state historical societies, women's organizations, and groups such as the Girl Scouts of the USA.

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