Benutzer:Vorwald/Festuca brachyphylla
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Festuca brachyphylla, the alpine fescue, is a grass native to Eurasia, North America, and the Arctic. The grass is used for erosion control and revegetation. The specific epithet brachyphylla means "short-leaved". The grass has a diploid number of 28, 42, or 44.
Description[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]
Festuca brachyphylla is a bright green perennial grass that is tufted or loosely cespitose and erect, growing without rhizomes. The grass has slender, low growing culms measuring Vorlage:Convert tall that can reach Vorlage:Convert when the grass is cultivated. The culms are glabrous and somewhat scabrous, becoming more puberulent towards the inflorescence, and are occasionally tinged purple at their base. The smooth or scabrous leaf sheaths are closed for half of their length. The sheaths remain at the basal tuft when dead. The ligules measure Vorlage:Convert. The capillary leaf blade are long and soft, measuring Vorlage:Convert long and Vorlage:Convert wide, and arise from the basal tuft. The inflorescences are typically cylindrical or ovoid panicles that are Vorlage:Convert long, though they can occasionally be racemes. The panicles have one to two erect branches at each node that sometimes become spreading during anthesis. The pedicellate spikelets are purplish or bronze.[1] The spikelets measure Vorlage:Convert, each with two to four florets. The glabrous glumes are ovate to lanceolate and are much shorter than the spikelets. The lower glumes are Vorlage:Convert and the upper glumes are Vorlage:Convert. The elliptical or lanceolate lemmas are membranous and become scabrous towards their apex. The lemmas are Vorlage:Convert long. The terminal awns are Vorlage:Convert long. The paleas are Vorlage:Convert long. The anthers are Vorlage:Convert long.[2][3] These short anthers distinguish the species from Festuca ovina.[4]
The spikelets are colored red to purple by anthocyanin pigments.[3]
The plant flowers from late June into July.[2]
Distribution and habitat[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]
Festuca brachyphylla is circumpolar and alpine, occurring in North America throughout Canada and along the Rocky Mountains, growing as far south as New Mexico and California.[5]
Festuca brachyphylla grows in rocky places at high altitudes, from Vorlage:Convert.[6] It occurs in wet meadows, along streams, on riverbeds, on dry gravel, and on dry slopes.[1]
References[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]
Vorlage:ReflistVorlage:Taxonbar [[Category:Festuca|brachyphylla]] [[Category:Plants described in 1827]]
- ↑ a b Umberto Quattrocchi: CRC World Dictionary of Grasses: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. CRC Press, 2006, ISBN 978-1-4200-0322-2, S. 923.
- ↑ a b Merrit Lyndon Fernald: Gray's Manual of Botany. Hrsg.: R. C. Rollins. Eighth (Centennial) - Illustrated Auflage. D. Van Nostrand Company, 1970, ISBN 0-442-22250-5, S. 105.
- ↑ a b Flora of North America Editorial Committee: Flora of North America: North of Mexico. Band 24. Oxford University Press, 1993, ISBN 978-0-19-531071-9, S. 428.
- ↑ Siri Fjellheim, Reida Elven, Christian Brochmann: Molecules and morphology in concert. II. The Festuca brachyphylla complex (Poaceae) in Svalbard. In: American Journal of Botany. 88. Jahrgang, Nr. 5. Wiley Online Library, 2001, S. 869–882, doi:10.2307/2657039.
- ↑ Aiken, S. G. and Darbyshire, S. J.: Fescue grasses of Canada. Canada Department of Agriculture, 1935, ISBN 0-660-13483-7, S. 29 (biodiversitylibrary.org).
- ↑ Vorlage:Jepson eFlora